Jacob was never naïve to the
fact that he had done a grave wrong to his brother, and many years later, had a
deep desire to make things right. There was
much planning that went into the encounter that Jacob would have with
Esau. Could Jacob appease Esau with
generous gifts? Would there be any
forgiveness? COULD there be any
forgiveness? God “met” with Jacob twice
to reassure him of his blessing. Once in
a wrestling match, and again later when God confirmed his blessing by changing
Jacob’s name to Israel.
Genesis 35:9-12 9 God appeared[c] to Jacob again, when he came from Paddan-aram, and blessed him. 10 And God said to him, “Your name is Jacob; no longer shall your name be called Jacob, but Israel shall be your name.” So he called his name Israel. 11 And God said to him, “I am God Almighty:[d] be fruitful and multiply. A nation and a company of nations shall come from you, and kings shall come from your own body.[e] 12 The land that I gave to Abraham and Isaac I will give to you, and I will give the land to your offspring after you.”
In the entire brood of boys
that were the sons of Jacob, was his only daughter, Dinah. Dinah’s name means justified, or vindicated. “After Dinah, the daughter of Leah and Jacob,
went out to visit the women of Shechem, where her people had made camp and
where her father Jacob had purchased the land where he had pitched his tent.
Shechem the son of Hamor, the prince of the land, ‘seized her and lay with her
and humbled her. And his soul was drawn to Dinah ... he loved the maiden and
spoke tenderly to her,’ and Shechem asked his father to obtain Dinah for him,
to be his wife.
Hamor came to Jacob and asked
for Dinah for his son: ‘Make marriages with us; give your daughters to us, and
take our daughters for yourselves. You shall dwell with us; and the land shall
be open to you,’ and Shechem offered Jacob and his sons any bride-price they
named. But ‘the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and his father Hamor
deceitfully, because he had defiled their sister Dinah,’ saying they would
accept the offer if the men of the city agreed to be circumcised.
So the men of Shechem were
deceived, and were circumcised; and ‘on the third day, when they were sore, two
of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brothers, took their swords and
came upon the city unawares, and killed all the males. They slew Hamor and his
son Shechem with the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem's house, and went
away.’ And the sons of Jacob plundered
whatever was in the city and in the field, ‘all their wealth, all their little
ones and their wives, all that was in the houses.’
‘Then Jacob said to Simeon
and Levi, 'You have brought trouble on me by making me odious to the
inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites and the Perizzites; my numbers are few,
and if they gather themselves against me and attack me, I shall be destroyed,
both I and my household.' But they said, 'Should he treat our sister as a
harlot?'"
In researching this portion
of the passage, I learned that this act of revenge by Simeon and Levi (who were
only about age 13 at the time) is the scriptural basis for holding a Bar
Mitzvah for a boy at age 13.
A Jewish boy celebrates his bar mitzvah, his Jewish “coming of age,” when he turns thirteen.
What is the biblical source for the age of bar mitzvah?
And it came to pass on the third day, when [the people of Shechem] were in pain [following their circumcision], that two of Jacob’s sons, Simeon and Levi, Dinah’s brothers, each man took his sword, and they came upon the city confidently, and killed every male.1
Simeon and Levi are called “men.” Our sages calculate2 that the two were thirteen at the time. Thus it’s clear that at thirteen years old, boys are already considered men.3
While the Torah’s use of the word “man” is necessary in order to inform us the age at which Jewish boys become responsible for mitzvot, the choice of placement is seemingly disturbing.
In what context do we learn of our children’s moral and religious maturation, accountability and responsibility? From an episode in which two thirteen-year-olds apparently behaved with none.
-From A Time to Kill by Mendel Kalmenson
There is never a time when we
should not desire to make things right- whether between ourselves and God, or
between one another. How we go about it
should be bathed in much prayer, seeking God for direction. At times, we are able to make things right
immediately. Other instances, it takes
time and patience and a healing that only God can do. He promises “Behold I make all things new…”
An enjoyable and thought-provoking post. I'm especially intrigued by your statement at the end about seeking reconciliation between ourselves and God or ourselves and another person. Are you suggesting that it is possible to seek reconciliation with someone without first seeking it from God?
ReplyDeleteThat is, any sin we commit is first a sin against God and then (possibly) a sin against the third party. So it seems to me that any gesture of contrition must always be directed to God first (His forgiveness has already been purchased at Calvary, and it covers sins we are aware of and blind to, but after all, the first of Martin Luther's Ninety Five Theses was "The whole of Christian life should be one of repentance").